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Use and classification of liquefied gas tanker-liquid tanker

Mar. 31, 2021

Liquefied gas refers to a substance that becomes liquid after a gas at room temperature is pressurized or cooled. When the pressure of the liquefied gas decreases or the temperature increases, it will still be gasified.

  The use of liquefied gas tank trucks continues to expand, involving petroleum, chemical, aviation, coal, agriculture, fishery, catering, and firefighting industries, with more and more varieties. Such as liquefied petroleum gas tanker, liquid oxygen tanker, liquid ammonia tanker and liquid argon tanker, etc. Because liquefied gas is affected by pressure and temperature, it is very unstable. Some liquefied gas is still explosive, flammable, and toxic. Therefore, when designing, manufacturing, and repairing liquefied gas tankers, they must comply with relevant national regulations and strictly control them. Product quality guarantees safe use.

   One, liquefied gas tank body

The tank body of the    liquefied gas tanker is a pressure vessel, as shown in Figure 7-31. It is an important part of the liquefied gas tanker. In order to reduce material consumption and ensure that the tank has sufficient strength and rigidity, a circular cross-section or spherical tank with uniform force in all aspects must be used.

For the shipment of low-temperature substances or liquefied gas tanks with special requirements, heat insulation measures must also be taken to prevent accidents due to over-temperature and over-pressure. The following three measures are often used: one is an insulation layer, where insulation materials (such as foam plastic, glass wool, rock wool, polyurethane, etc.) are laid on the surface of the tank, and the shell is covered with a skin. This kind of heat insulation method has a wide range of uses, lower price and lighter quality. It is often used to transport liquefied ethylene and liquefied carbon dioxide tankers. The second is a vacuum jacket, as shown in Figure 7-31b. Add a layer of tank body, and fill the space between the two layers of tank body with desiccant and insulation material, and evacuate it. It has good heat insulation effect and is an ideal tank for transporting liquid oxygen, liquid argon and other low-temperature media; the third is a sun visor, as shown in Figure 7-32. It is a sun visor installed on the top of the tank body to prevent sun exposure, and the sun visor and the tank body are separated by a certain distance to form the same interlayer before and after. When the tanker is running, it uses flowing air to dissipate heat. The sun visor adopts a highly reflective white to reduce heat absorption. This structure is mostly used in liquefied petroleum gas tank trucks.

The liquefied gas tank body is also equipped with a wave-proof plate to increase the damping of the liquid in the tank and improve the stability of the vehicle. Some anti-wave plates have several damping holes (as shown in Figure 7-33) to further increase their damping effect. The anti-wave board is divided into integral type and combined type in structure. Nowadays, bolts are used to fasten the anti-wave plate to the angle steel pre-welded on the inner wall of the tank. In this way, the stress concentration caused by the direct welding of the anti-wave plate on the tank body can be avoided, especially when the tank body is subjected to a large gas pressure, the force of the tank body is uniform, and assembly and maintenance are facilitated.

Like the liquid tanker, the bottom of the tank body of the liquid gas tanker is also provided with a sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank has flat-bottomed, elliptical, butterfly or spherical shapes. When the manhole is arranged at the bottom of the tank, the sedimentation tank and the manhole are often integrated to make the structure simpler. The manhole is arranged at the bottom of the tank body for easy access, convenient maintenance and thorough cleaning.

  The liquefied gas is unstable under normal temperature and pressure. During storage, transportation or use, the pressure of the liquefied gas will increase with the increase of temperature, which may cause the rupture or explosion of the tank. Therefore, liquefied gas is never allowed to fill the tank, and a part of the gas phase space should be reserved.

   2. Uses and types of liquefied petroleum gas tankers

  Liquefied petroleum gas tanker is one of the more kinds of liquefied petroleum gas tankers, mainly used to transport propane, mixed liquefied petroleum gas and other liquefied vehicles.

   LPG tankers are also divided into bicycles, semi-trailers and full trailers. LPG tanks are available in load-bearing and semi-loading types. Ordinary LPG tank trucks are generally modified on the basis of their basic models, as shown in Figure 7-34. The tank body is bolted to the car frame.


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